{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:16:54Z","timestamp":1793117814717,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is limited information on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection clustering within families with children. We aimed to study the transmission dynamics of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 within families with children in Greece. We studied 23 family clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019). Infection was diagnosed by reverse\u2010transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in respiratory specimens. The level of viral load was categorized as high, moderate, or low based on the cycle threshold values. There were 109 household members (66 adults and 43 children). The median attack rate per cluster was 60% (range: 33.4%\u2010100%). An adult member with COVID\u201019 was the first case in 21 (91.3%) clusters. Transmission of infection occurred from an adult to a child in 19 clusters and\/or from an adult to another adult in 12 clusters. There was no evidence of child\u2010to\u2010adult or child\u2010to\u2010child transmission. In total 68 household members (62.4%) tested positive. Children were more likely to have an asymptomatic SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection compared to adults (40% vs 10.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.021). In contrast, adults were more likely to develop a severe clinical course compared with children (8.8% vs 0%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.021). In addition, infected children were significantly more likely to have a low viral load while adults were more likely to have a moderate viral load (40.7% and 18.6% vs 13.8% and 51.7%, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.016). In conclusion, while children become infected by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, they do not appear to transmit infection to others. Furthermore, children more frequently have an asymptomatic or mild course compared to adults. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of viral load on these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]],"date-time":"2020-08-07T23:52:10Z","timestamp":1596844330000},"page":"1414-1420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Transmission dynamics of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 within families with children in Greece: A study of 23 clusters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Helena C.","family":"Maltezou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Interventions for Infectious Diseases National Public Health Organization Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rengina","family":"Vorou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Interventions for Infectious Diseases National Public Health Organization Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalliopi","family":"Papadima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Interventions for Infectious Diseases National Public Health Organization Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Kossyvakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses Hellenic Pasteur Institute Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Spanakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Gioula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Exindari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Symeon","family":"Metallidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, First Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasia N.","family":"Lourida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Prevention and Control Committee Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0395-7820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasilios","family":"Raftopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV\/AIDS Department National Public Health Organization Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisavet","family":"Froukala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Martinez\u2010Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses Hellenic Pasteur Institute Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Mitsianis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department Mpodosakeio General Prefecture Hospital of Ptolemaida Ptolemaida Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Roilides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Mentis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses Hellenic Pasteur Institute Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Tsakris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Papa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) pandemic.https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019. Accessed July 27 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"National Public Health Organization. Daily report of epidemiological surveillance of COVID\u201019.www.eody.gov.gr. Accessed July 27 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30154-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01427-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2018.25.4.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piaa060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-1576"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa424"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30232-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.26394","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.26394","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.26394","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.26394","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T03:51:53Z","timestamp":1693194713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.26394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.26394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.26394","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}