{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T05:21:38Z","timestamp":1769232098918,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Little evidence on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) in people living with HIV (PLWH) is currently available. We reported clinical and viroimmunological data of all HIV\u2010positive patients admitted to our center with COVID\u201019 from March 1 to May 12, 2020. Overall, five patients were included: all were virologically\u2010suppressed on antiretroviral therapy and CD4+ count was greater than 350\u2009cell\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> in all but two patients. Although all patients had evidence of pneumonia on admission, only one developed respiratory failure. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2\u00a0(SARS\u2010CoV\u20102)\u00a0RNA was never detected from nasopharyngeal swabs in two patients, whereas\u00a0in the others, viral clearance occurred within a maximum of 43 days. Immunoglobulin G production was elicited in all patients and neutralizing antibodies in all but one patient. Specific\u2010T\u2010cell response developed in all patients but was stronger in those with the more severe presentations. Similarly, the highest level of proinflammatory cytokines was found in the only patient experiencing respiratory failure. Despite a mild presentation, patients with more pronounced immunosuppression showed high degrees of both cytokines production and immune activation. Our study did not find an increased risk and severity of COVID\u201019 in PLWH. Adaptative cellular immune response to SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 appeared to correlate to disease severity. The mild clinical picture showed in advanced HIV patients, despite a significant T\u2010cell activation and inflammatory profile, suggests a potential role of HIV\u2010driven immunological dysregulation in avoiding immune\u2010pathogenetic processes. However, other possible explanations, as a protective role of certain antiretroviral drugs, should be considered. Further larger studies are needed to better clarify the impact of HIV infection on COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T13:27:34Z","timestamp":1601040454000},"page":"1796-1804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["COVID\u201019 in people living with HIV: Clinical implications of dynamics of the immune response to SARS\u2010CoV\u20102"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4096-2610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalisa","family":"Mondi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/AIDS Unit National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Cimini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular 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