{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T01:58:21Z","timestamp":1772762301609,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010380","name":"Stiftung Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant to A.K."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant to A.K."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>When patients with chronic kidney disease are infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) they can face two specific problems: virus\u2010specific immune responses may be impaired and remdesivir, an antiviral drug described to shorten recovery, is contraindicated. Antiviral treatment with convalescent plasma (CP) could be an alternative treatment option. In this case report, we present two kidney transplant recipients and two hemodialysis patients who were infected with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and received CP. Antibodies against the receptor\u2010binding domain in the S1 subunit of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 spike protein were determined sequentially by immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization assay and specific cellular responses by interferon\u2010gamma ELISpot. Before treatment, in both kidney transplant recipients and one hemodialysis patient antibodies were undetectable by ELISA (ratio\u2009&lt;\u20091.1), corresponding to low neutralizing antibody titers (\u22641:40). ELISpot responses in the four patients were either weak or absent. After CP treatment, we observed an increase of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010specific antibodies (IgG ratio and neutralization titer) and of specific cellular responses. After intermittent clinical improvement, one kidney transplant recipient again developed typical symptoms on Day 12 after treatment and received a second cycle of CP treatment. Altogether, three patients clinically improved and could be discharged from the hospital. However, one 83\u2010year\u2010old multimorbid patient deceased. Our data suggest that the success of CP therapy may only be temporary in patients with chronic kidney disease; which requires close monitoring of viral load and antiviral immunity and possibly an adaptation of the treatment regimen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T01:08:27Z","timestamp":1612400907000},"page":"3047-3054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010specific humoral and cellular immunity in two renal transplants and two hemodialysis patients treated with convalescent plasma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6708-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Lindemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adalbert","family":"Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5549-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Dolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarethe","family":"Konik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Rohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maximillian","family":"Platte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Th\u00fcmmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen 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Sand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Breyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3536-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannes","family":"Klump","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Knop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen University 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Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Witzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Essen University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007764"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"e13451","article-title":"Successful recovery from COVID\u201019 in three kidney transplant recipients who received convalescent plasma therapy","author":"Naeem S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transpl Infect 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