{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:15:34Z","timestamp":1759940134598,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluate the genetic characterization of 132 HIV\u20101 pol sequences from children and adolescents undergoing antiretroviral therapy in Northeast Brazil. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses were performed using the maximum likelihood method using SeaView version 4 and SIMPLOT software. Most individuals harbored HIV\u20101 B (84.8%) and BF recombinants (9.8%), although other non\u2010B subtypes were detected: HIV\u20101 C (1.5%), HIV\u20101 F (2.4%), and BC recombinants (1.5%). Antiretroviral resistance was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.7%\u201355.4%). Non\u2010nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) showed higher frequencies of primary mutations, with 40.9% (95% CI: 32.9%\u201349.4%), followed by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and protease inhibitors (PIs) with 34.8% (95% CI: 27.3\u201343.3) and 6.1% (95% CI: 3.1%\u201311.5%), respectively. Among NRTIs, higher resistance levels were observed for abacavir, emtricitabine, and lamivudine; for NNRTI, nevirapine and efavirenz. The most common primary mutations found were M184V (29.5%), K103N (25%), M41L (9.8%), T215Y (8.3%), and G190A (8.3%). Our findings highlight the importance of surveillance of resistance mutations, which contributes to the continuous updating and implementation of preventive measures to decrease mother\u2010to\u2010child\u2010transmission and transmitted drug resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T10:58:25Z","timestamp":1617188305000},"page":"4908-4914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["HIV\u20101 subtypes and drug resistance in children during antiretroviral therapy in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Claudia R.","family":"de Andrade Arrais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordination of the Medicine Graduation Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o  Imperatriz Maranh\u00e3o Brazil"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program, Northeast Biotechnology Network Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o  S\u00e3o Luis Maranh\u00e3o Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2505-7516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kledoaldo","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Federal University of Pernambuco  Recife Pernambuco Brazil"},{"name":"European Virus Bioinformatics Center  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Barreiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o  S\u00e3o Lu\u00edz Maranh\u00e3o Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessyca K. 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