{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:30:21Z","timestamp":1785439821882,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18K10654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K10654"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18K16160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K16160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K24240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K24240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K03161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K03161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014423","name":"Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019 to 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019 to 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) is globally rampant, and to curb the growing burden of this disease, in\u2010depth knowledge about its pathophysiology is needed. This was an observational study conducted at a single center to investigate serum cytokine and chemokine levels of COVID\u201019 patients, based on disease severity. We included 72 consecutive COVID\u201019 patients admitted to our hospital from March 21 to August 31, 2020. Patients were divided into Mild\u2010Moderate I (mild) and Moderate II\u2010Severe (severe) groups based on the COVID\u201019 severity classification developed by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) of Japan. We compared the patient characteristics as well as the serum cytokine and chemokine levels on the day of admission between the two groups. Our findings indicated that the severe group had significantly higher levels of serum fibrinogen, <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, C\u2010reactive protein, ferritin, Krebs von den Lungen\u20106, surfactant protein (SP)\u2010D, and SP\u2010A than the mild group. Strikingly, the levels of interleukin (IL)\u201028A\/interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03bb2 were significantly lower in the severe group than in the mild group. We believe that reduced levels of type III interferons (IFN\u2010\u03bbs) and alterations in the levels of other cytokines and chemokines may impact the severity of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,3]],"date-time":"2021-04-03T09:16:09Z","timestamp":1617441369000},"page":"4559-4563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Downregulation of type III interferons in patients with severe COVID\u201019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7087-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yosuke","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo 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Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuiko","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuniaki","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory 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A Guide for Front\u2010Line Healthcare Workers Version 2.1. 2020. The Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare and the National Institute of Infectious Diseases.https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/000646531.pdf. 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