{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T21:06:41Z","timestamp":1768770401258,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>In hepatitis C virus (HCV)\/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u00a0co\u2010infected patients, HIV enhances HCV replication and liver damage. Several microRNAs (miRNAs), active in pro\u2010fibrotic and inflammatory pathways, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this phenomenon. However, these miRNAs have been tested only in explanted cirrhotic livers, when the liver damage has become chronic and irreversible. No data are available on the early phase of viral infection, such as early after liver transplantation (LT). In the present study, the expression of miR\u2010101, miR\u2010122, miR\u2010155, miR\u2010192, miR\u2010200c, miR\u2010338, and miR\u2010532 was determined by quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction\u00a0in liver biopsies of HCV (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919) and HCV\/HIV\u2010infected (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920) LT recipients, as well as in a control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200918) of noninfected patients, transplanted for alcoholic cirrhosis. The timing of liver biopsy was 6 months post\u2010LT. None of the patients was treated with direct\u2010acting anti\u2010HCV drugs. All co\u2010infected recipients had suppressed HIV viral load. Grading and staging were assessed according to the Ishak Classification. HCV and HIV viral load were measured in the sera.\u00a0miR\u2010101 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03), miR\u2010122 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.012), and miR\u2010192 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.038) were significantly downregulated in HCV\/HIV co\u2010infected and HCV mono\u2010infected recipients when compared with noninfected recipients, and such downregulation was more pronounced in co\u2010infected ones. Moreover, in co\u2010infected recipients but not in mono\u2010infected ones, miR\u2010101 inversely correlated with the peripheral HCV\u2010RNA levels (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.41, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04) and miR\u2010122 inversely correlated with peripheral HCV\u2010RNA levels (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.49, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03) and with the histological grading (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.51, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02).\u00a0 In conclusion, as early as 6 months after LT, the presence of HIV\u2010HCV co\u2010infection enhanced a significant downregulation of certain miRNAs that showed a direct correlation with HCV viral load and liver inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]],"date-time":"2021-04-05T10:48:51Z","timestamp":1617619731000},"page":"4992-5000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["miRNA expression profiles in liver grafts of HCV and HIV\/HCV\u2010infected recipients, 6 months after liver transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Michela","family":"Bulfoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine  Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2928-4580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Pravisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Liver\u2010Kidney Transplant Unit University of Udine  Udine 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