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Interestingly, HTLV\u20101 infection does not necessarily imply the development of pathological processes and it is unknown why some patients remain\u00a0asymptomatic carriers (AC). Despite some mutations in the HTLV\u20101 genome appear to influence the outcome of HTLV\u20101, there are few studies that characterize\u00a0molecularly the <jats:italic>hbz<\/jats:italic> region. This study aimed to perform the molecular characterization of <jats:italic>hbz<\/jats:italic> gene isolated from patients with different clinical outcomes. A total of 15 sequences were generated and analyzed with 571 sequences previously published. The analises showed that the R119Q mutation seems to be related to HTLV\u20101 clinical conditions\u00a0since the frequency of this HBZ mutation is significantly different in comparison between AC with HAM\/TSP and ATLL. 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