{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:15:44Z","timestamp":1740104144614,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many aspects of the humoral immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102), such as its role in protection after natural infection, are still unclear. We evaluated IgA and IgG response to spike subunits 1 and 2 (S1 and S2) and Nucleocapsid proteins of SARS\u2010COV\u20102 in serum samples of 109 volunteers with viral RNA detected or seroconversion with different clinical evolution (asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe coronavirus disease 2019), using the ViraChip\u00ae Test Kit. We observed that the quantification of antibodies to all antigens had a positive correlation to disease severity, which was strongly associated with the presence of comorbidities. Seroreversion was not uncommon even during the short (median of 77 days) observation, occurring in 15% of mild\u2010asymptomatic cases at a median of 55 days for IgG and 46 days for IgA. The time to reach the maximal antibody response did not differ significantly among recovered and deceased volunteers. Our study illustrated the dynamic of anti\u2010S1, anti\u2010N, and anti\u2010S2 IgA and IgG antibodies, and suggests that high production of IgG and IgA does not guarantee protection to disease severity and that functional responses that have been studied by other groups, such as antibody avidity, need further attention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T14:03:30Z","timestamp":1629813810000},"page":"178-185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Humoral response to spike S1 and S2 and nucleocapsid proteins on microarray after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0875-5910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda I.","family":"Portilho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Adolfo Lutz Center of Immunology  S\u00e3o Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5346-9633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Val\u00e9ria O.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Adolfo Lutz Center of Virology  S\u00e3o Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8233-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cintia M.","family":"Ahagon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Adolfo Lutz Center of Virology  S\u00e3o Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0254-4154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elaine M.","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Santo Andr\u00e9 Health Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic  Santo Andr\u00e9 Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaine L.","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Adolfo Lutz Center of Immunology  S\u00e3o Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edilene P. 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