{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:11:23Z","timestamp":1789164683599,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to current advances and growing experience in the management of coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID\u201019), the outcome of COVID\u201019 patients with severe\/critical illness would be expected to be better in the second wave compared with the first wave. As\u00a0our hospitalization criteria changed in the second wave, we aimed to investigate whether a favorable outcome occurred in hospitalized COVID\u201019 patients with only severe\/critical illness. Among 642 laboratory\u2010confirmed hospitalized COVID\u201019 patients in the first wave and 1121 in the second wave, those who met World Health Organization (WHO) definitions for severe or critical illness on admission or during follow\u2010up were surveyed. Data on demographics, comorbidities, C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) levels on admission, and outcomes were obtained from an electronic hospital database. Univariate analysis was performed to compare the characteristics of patients in the first and second waves. There were 228 (35.5%) patients with severe\/critical illness in the first wave and 681 (60.7%) in the second wave. Both groups were similar in terms of age, gender, and comorbidities, other than chronic kidney disease. Median serum CRP levels were significantly higher in patients in the second wave compared with those in the first wave [109\u2009mg\/L (interquartile range [IQR]: 65\u2013157) vs. 87\u2009mg\/L (IQR: 39\u2013140); <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001]. However, intensive care unit admission and mortality rates were similar among the waves. Even though a lower mortality rate in the second wave has been reported in previous studies, including all hospitalized COVID\u201019 patients, we found similar demographics and outcomes among hospitalized COVID\u201019 patients with severe\/critical illness in the first and second wave.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T12:59:28Z","timestamp":1631019568000},"page":"291-297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of hospitalized COVID\u201019 patients with severe\/critical illness in the first wave versus the second wave"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3244-3768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"Sargin Altunok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5457-9551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celal","family":"Satici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chest Diseases Istanbul Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2718-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veysel","family":"Dinc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6449-0892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadettin","family":"Kamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5003-7416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Alkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6490-447X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa Asim","family":"Demirkol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9320-1252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilkim Deniz","family":"Toprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2438-7249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammed Emin","family":"Kostek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2186-2035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Semih","family":"Yazla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5414-7305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinem Nihal","family":"Esatoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Istanbul Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) dashboard.https:\/\/covid19.who.int. Accessed August 12 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. COVID\u201019 status report.https:\/\/covid19.saglik.gov.tr\/TR-68443\/covid-19-durum-raporu.html. Accessed August 12 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"IftimieS L\u00f3pez\u2010AzconaAF&Vallverd\u00faIet al. First and second waves of coronavirus disease\u201019: a comparative study in hospitalized patients in Reus Spain. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):e0248029.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.12.10.20246959. Accessed March 31 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.12.10.20246959"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The severity of COVID\u201019 pneumonia was defined according to the clinical management of COVID\u201019: interim guidance. WHO.https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/clinical-management-of-covid-19. Accessed August 12 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","unstructured":"The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. COVID\u201019 guide.https:\/\/covid19.saglik.gov.tr\/TR-66301\/covid-19-rehberi.html. 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