{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:59:55Z","timestamp":1783763995344,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007338","name":"All-India Institute of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Emerging evidence shows co\u2010infection with atypical bacteria in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) patients. Respiratory illness caused by atypical bacteria such as <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:italic> may show overlapping manifestations and imaging features with COVID\u201019 causing clinical and laboratory diagnostic issues. We conducted a prospective study to identify co\u2010infections with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and atypical bacteria in an Indian tertiary hospital. From June 2020 to January 2021, a total of 194 patients with laboratory\u2010confirmed COVID\u201019 were also tested for atypical bacterial pathogens. For diagnosing <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, a real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and serology (IgM ELISA) were performed. <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> diagnosis was made based on IgM serology. <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic> diagnosis was based on PCR or urinary antigen testing. Clinical and epidemiological features of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and atypical bacteria\u2010positive and \u2010negative patient groups were compared. Of the 194 patients admitted with COVID\u201019, 17 (8.8%) were also diagnosed with <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) or <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097). Confusion, headache, and bilateral infiltrate were found more frequently in the SARS CoV\u20102 and atypical bacteria co\u2010infection group. Patients in the <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> co\u2010infection group were more likely to develop ARDS, required ventilatory support, had a longer hospital length of stay, and higher fatality rate compared to patients with only SARS\u2010CoV\u20102. Our report highlights co\u2010infection with bacteria causing atypical pneumonia should be considered in patients with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 depending on the clinical context. Timely identification of co\u2010existing pathogens can provide pathogen\u2010targeted treatment and prevent fatal outcomes of patients infected with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 during the current pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T13:04:53Z","timestamp":1631019893000},"page":"303-309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Atypical bacterial co\u2010infections among patients with COVID\u201019: A study from India"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7381-1504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rama","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Sreenath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyam","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EV","family":"Vinayaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisha","family":"Rathor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KVP","family":"Saikiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1071-8596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajisha","family":"Aravindan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishwajeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megha","family":"Brijwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8619-7929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish","family":"Soneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishant","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeshwari","family":"Subramanium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urvashi B.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randeep","family":"Guleria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"World Health OrganizationAccessed August 21 2021.https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare | Home. 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