{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T14:04:06Z","timestamp":1771250646624,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651104000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Influenza\u2010like illness (ILI) varies in intensity year by year, generally keeping a stable pattern except for great changes of its epidemic pattern. Of the most impacting factors, urbanization has been suggested as shaping the intensity of influenza epidemics. Besides, growing evidence indicates the nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 offer great advantages in controlling infectious diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of urbanization and NPIs on the dynamic of ILI in Tongzhou, Beijing, during January 2013 to March 2021. ILI epidemiological surveillance data in Tongzhou district were obtained from Beijing Influenza Surveillance Network and separated into three periods of urbanization and four intervals of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Standardized average incidence rates of ILI in each separate stages were calculated and compared by using Wilson method and time series model of seasonal ARIMA. Influenza seasonal outbreaks showed similar epidemic size and intensity before urbanization during 2013\u20132016. Increased ILI activity was found during the process of Tongzhou's urbanization during 2017\u20132019, with the rate difference of 2.48 (95% confidence interva\u00a0[CI]: 2.44, 2.52) and the rate ratio of 1.75 (95% CI: 1.74, 1.76) of ILI incidence between preurbanization and urbanization periods. ILI activity abruptly decreased from the beginning of 2020 and kept at the bottom level almost in every epidemic interval. The top decrease in ILI activity by NPIs was shown in 5\u201314 years group in 2020\u20132021 influenza season, as 92.2% (95% CI: 78.3%, 95.2%). The results indicated that both urbanization and NPIs interrupted the epidemic pattern of ILI. We should pay more attention to public health when facing increasing population density, human contact, population mobility, and migration in the process of urbanization. NPIs and influenza vaccination should be implemented as necessary measures to protect people from common infectious diseases like ILI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T00:46:28Z","timestamp":1650588388000},"page":"3801-3810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Dynamics of influenza\u2010like illness under urbanization procedure and COVID\u201019 pandemic in the subcenter of Beijing during 2013\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology &amp; Vaccine Research Center,\u00a0School of Public Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Na","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongzhou Center for Diseases Prevention and Control Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongzhou Center for Diseases Prevention and Control Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongzhou Center for Diseases Prevention and Control Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology &amp; Vaccine Research Center,\u00a0School of Public Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhong\u2010Song","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology &amp; Vaccine Research Center,\u00a0School of Public Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin\u2010Yao","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology &amp; Vaccine Research Center,\u00a0School of Public Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongzhou Center for Diseases Prevention and Control Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongzhou Center for Diseases Prevention and Control Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology &amp; 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