{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T14:57:08Z","timestamp":1791644228983,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection is between 9% and 13% of the world population and only in the United States, more than 6.2 million are positive every year. There are more than 100 types of HPV, among them, two serotypes (16 and 18) are related to 70% of cervical cancers and precancerous cervical lesions. The vaginal microbiota could play a considerable role in HPV infection and the genesis of cervical tumors caused by HPV. Moreover, bacteria are strongly associated with vaginal inflammation and oncogenic mutations in human cells. We aim to investigate whether HPV infection could influence the bacterial microbiota composition in the uterine cervix. A total of 31 women were enrolled in this study. The vaginal swabs were collected; the HPV\u2010DNA was extracted with QIAamp DNA Microbiome. The V3\u2013V4\u2013V6 region of the 16S rDNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing with MiSeq Illumina. The main <jats:italic>phylum<\/jats:italic> identified in the vaginal microbiota were <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacteroidetes<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Actinobacteria<\/jats:italic>. The <jats:italic>phylum<\/jats:italic> of <jats:italic>Actinobacteria<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic> was more represented in HPV\u2010positive patients. Lactobacilli represented the dominant genus, with a high percentage of <jats:italic>Lactobacilli iners<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lactobacilli jensenii<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Lactobacilli crispatus<\/jats:italic> as species. <jats:italic>Gardnerella vaginalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Proteus<\/jats:italic> spp., and <jats:italic>Atopobium<\/jats:italic> were the most represented in HPV\u2010positive patients. An altered vaginal microbiota might play a functional role in HPV cervical infection, progression, and clearance. The relationship between infection and microbiota could spur the development of new probiotics. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of the vaginal microbiota in HPV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T02:33:06Z","timestamp":1652063586000},"page":"4478-4484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Microbiota and HPV: The role of viral infection on vaginal microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5010-1390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biagio","family":"Santella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Microbiology and Virology University Hospital \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria T.","family":"Schettino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Franci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dai Dipartimento Di Igiene Sanitaria e Medicina Valutativa U.O.C. 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