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This study aimed to investigate the long\u2010term impact of NPIs on common respiratory and enteric viruses among children in Shanghai, China, as NPIs were relaxed after June 2020. The laboratory results and clinical data of outpatient children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) were analyzed and compared between the post\u2010COVID\u201019 period (from June 2020 to January 2022) and pre\u2010COVID\u201019 period (from June 2018 to January 2020). A total of 107\u2009453 patients were enrolled from June 2018 to January 2022, including 43\u2009190 patients with ARTI and 64\u2009263 patients with AGE. The positive rates of most viruses decreased during the post\u2010COVID\u201019 period, with the greatest decrease for influenza A (\u22120.94%), followed by adenoviruses (AdV) (\u221261.54%), rotaviruses (\u221248.17%), and influenza B (\u221240%). However, the positive rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and enteric AdV increased during the post\u2010COVID\u201019 period as the NPIs were relaxed. Besides this, in the summer of 2021, an unexpected out\u2010of\u2010season resurgence of RSV activity was observed, and the resurgence was more prominent among children older than 5 years. The effectiveness of the current relaxed NPIs in control of common respiratory and enteric viruses was variable. Relaxation of NPIs might lead to the resurgence of common viruses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T03:10:27Z","timestamp":1654053027000},"page":"4696-4703","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The changing pattern of common respiratory and enteric viruses among outpatient children in Shanghai, China: Two years of the COVID\u201019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0879-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menghua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Data Management, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingfeng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niuniu","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunhua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University National Children's Medical Center  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"WHO.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) situation report\u201051. 2020. 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