{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:58:15Z","timestamp":1775581095627,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To systematically review and synthesize the safety and efficacy of coronavirus disease\u20102019 (COVID\u201019) vaccines in children and adolescents. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR), and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> website were searched to collect accessible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the safety and efficacy of human COVID\u201019 vaccines in children and adolescents until May 1, 2022. Three steps, including duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, and full\u2010text review, were used to screen the studies. The Cochrane risk\u2010of\u2010bias tool for RCTs was used to assess the bias risk of the included studies. Microsoft Excel 16.57 (2021) software was used for data extraction and analysis. (PROSPERO Code No: CRD42021295422). COVID\u201019 vaccines were evaluated in a total of 10\u2009950 children and adolescents in seven published studies and over 49\u2009530 participants in 26 ongoing randomized controlled trials. Descriptive findings of the included published studies were reported stratified by vaccine type. The overall, local, and systemic adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) reported in most trials were similar between the vaccine and placebo groups. Most of the reactions reported were mild to moderate, whereas a few were severe. The common adverse events were injection\u2010site pain, fever, headache, cough, fatigue, and muscle pain. Few clinical trials reported serious adverse events, but most of them were unrelated to vaccination. In terms of efficacy, the investigated messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine was found to be 90.7%\u2013100% efficacious in preventing COVID\u201019 among children and adolescents, revealing good efficacy profiles in this age group. Among children and adolescents, the safety of current COVID\u201019 vaccines is acceptable, and studies have suggested that mRNA vaccines can provide high protection against COVID\u201019 infection in pediatric age groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T03:24:35Z","timestamp":1655349875000},"page":"4644-4653","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Safety and efficacy of COVID\u201019 vaccines in children and adolescents: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5187-0386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangyuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruonan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaoyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO. 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COVID\u201019 vaccines for children and teens.\u00a0Accessed February 7 \u00a02022.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/vaccines\/recommendations\/children-teens.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30651-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.679803"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Progress in COVID\u201019 pandemic prevention and control.\u00a0Accessed February 7 \u00a02022.http:\/\/www.nhc.gov.cn\/xcs\/yqfkdt\/202111\/79103c66c2de404b8e50583816f5e31e.shtml"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. COVID\u201019 vaccine Spikevax approved for children aged 12 to 17 in EU. 2021.\u00a0Accessed February 7 \u00a02022.https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/news\/covid-19-vaccine-spikevax-approvedchildren-agd-12-17-eu"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevent. Demographic characteristics of people receiving COVID\u201019 vaccinations in the United States.\u00a0Accessed March 5 \u00a02022.https:\/\/covid.cdc.gov\/covid-data-tracker\/#vaccination-demographic"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"Ed000142","article-title":"Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","volume":"10","author":"Cumpston M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107456"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2116298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109522"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00319-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30831-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZhuF JinP ZhuT et al.Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type\u20105\u2010vectored COVID\u201019 vaccine with a homologous prime\u2010boost regimen in healthy participants aged 6 years and above: a randomised double\u2010blind placebo\u2010controlled phase 2b trial.Clin Infect Dis.2021.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciab845","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00151-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID\u201019). Comirnaty and Pfizer\u2010BioNTech COVID\u201019 Vaccine.\u00a0Accessed February 15 \u00a02022.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/emergency-preparedness-and-response\/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19\/comirnaty-and-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine#comirnaty"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2021.30.6.344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm705152a2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7042e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7102e1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.27940","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.27940","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.27940","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T16:29:07Z","timestamp":1692721747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.27940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.27940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.27940","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}