{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:49:56Z","timestamp":1786978196842,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019), an emerging disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102), and strict restrictions implemented to control the infection have impacted the circulation and transmission of common seasonal viruses worldwide and subsequently the rate of hospitalizations in children at young ages. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surprisingly disappeared in 2020\u22122021 in many countries due to lockdown and precautions were taken because of the COVID\u201019 pandemic. Herein, we showed a notable change in the rate of hospitalization and reported an unpredictable outbreak of RSV in a small proportion of children admitted to a children's hospital in Dezful (a city in Southwest Iran) in the early spring of 2022. We performed a descriptive study of hospitalized young children (aged\u2009\u2264\u20095 years) with acute respiratory infections. Together with clinical information, 30 nasopharyngeal swabs were prospectively collected and 3 important respiratory viruses (RSV, influenza viruses, and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) were tested through the real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (real\u2010time PCR) method. The age distribution of 30 hospital\u2010admitted children was 1 month to 5 years old and males were the most included subjects 18\/30 (60%) in this study. Although the viral genome of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and influenza viruses was not detected, the presence of RSV was confirmed in 16\/30 (53.33%) patients. Results showed that the majority of RSV\u2010infected cases were males 10\/16 (62.5%), within 12 months of life, and had changes in parameters of the complete blood count. Almost all patients with RSV infection had a cough as the most common clinical manifestation and had no history of past medical conditions as a risk factor. The presented study is the first investigation that documented an outbreak of RSV infection in young children reported since the onset of the COVID\u201019 outbreak in Iran. Our cases highlight the potential threats of important but neglected pathogens during the ongoing pandemic as described here for RSV, which would be challenging by easing the preimposed restrictions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T21:13:13Z","timestamp":1660338793000},"page":"5802-5807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A delayed resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during the COVID\u201019 pandemic: An unpredictable outbreak in a small proportion of children in the Southwest of Iran, April 2022"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Mohebi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Dezful University of Medical Sciences Dezful Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1040-1508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Karami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negar","family":"Mirsalehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nima Hoveidi","family":"Ardestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jila","family":"Yavarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maysam","family":"Mard\u2010Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Dezful University of Medical Sciences Dezful Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talat","family":"Mokhatri\u2010Azad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8541-7846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Salimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2706.204608"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12726"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2021.198564"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-03053-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30322-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-00459-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.721005"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"665","article-title":"Sars\u2010Cov\u20102 and covid\u201019, basic and clinical aspects of the human pandemic: a review","volume":"50","author":"Zavvar M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Iran J Publ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02303-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12884"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010RivasL PedrazT CalvoC San JuanI MelladoMJ RobustilloA.Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak during the covid\u201019 pandemic. 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