{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:19:08Z","timestamp":1784542748506,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Improved diagnostic tests and accessibility are essential for controlling the outbreak of monkeypox. We describe a saliva\u2010based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for monkeypox virus, in vitro test performance, and clinical implementation of that assay in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Palm Springs, CA. Finally, using prespecified search terms, we conducted a systematic rapid review of PubMed and Web of Science online databases of studies reporting the performance of oral pharyngeal or saliva\u2010based tests for the monkeypox virus. The assay showed in silico inclusivity of 100% for 97 strains of monkeypox virus, with an analytic sensitivity of 250 copies\/ml, and 100% agreement compared to known positive and negative specimens. Clinical testing identified 22 cases of monkeypox among 132 individuals (16.7%), of which 16 (72.7%) reported symptoms, 4 (18.2%) without a rash at the time of testing. Of an additional 18 patients with positive lesion tests, 16 (88.9%) had positive saliva tests. Our systematic review identified six studies; 100% of tests on oropharyngeal specimens from 23 patients agreed with the PCR test result of a lesion. Saliva\u2010based PCR tests are potential tools for case identification, and further evaluation of the performance of such tests is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,2]],"date-time":"2022-10-02T03:18:41Z","timestamp":1664680721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Laboratory validation and clinical performance of a saliva\u2010based test for monkeypox virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4077-3476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lao\u2010Tzu","family":"Allan\u2010Blitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Carragher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  California Los Angeles USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Sukhija\u2010Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Healthcare Foundation Public Health Division  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PS Test  Palm Springs California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyman","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flow Health  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Klausner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  California Los Angeles USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Second Meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) Emergency Committee Regarding the Multi\u2010Country Outbreak of Monkeypox 23 July 2022. Accessed August 4 2022.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/23-07-2022-second-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-(ihr)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-multi-country-outbreak-of-monkeypox."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7132e3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2207323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.22.2200421"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001705"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7128e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration. For Monkeypox Testing Use Lesion Swab Samples to Avoid False Results: FDA Safety Communication. July 15 2022. Accessed August 4 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\/safety-communications\/monkeypox-testing-use-lesion-swab-samples-avoid-false-results-fda-safety-communication."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Monkeypox: Preparation and Collection of Specimens. CDC;\u00a02022.\u00a0Accessed August 4 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/poxvirus\/monkeypox\/clinicians\/prep-collection-specimens.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.28.2200503"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00228-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-4399(97)83919-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2010.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.3.1207-1213.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"Retrospective detection of asymptomatic monkeypox virus infections among male\u00a0sexual health clinic attendees in Belgium","author":"De Baetselier I","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","article-title":"Clinical characterization of human monkeypox infections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","author":"Pittman PR","year":"2022","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm2206893"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00411-X"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"589","article-title":"Update: multistate outbreak of monkeypox\u2014Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin, 2003","volume":"52","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072410"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.28191","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.28191","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.28191","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T08:47:46Z","timestamp":1772959666000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.28191"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.28191"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.28191","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2022.08.08.22278498","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e28191"}}