{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T15:06:49Z","timestamp":1772982409155,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Continuous and progressive efforts are being made globally to eradicate the incidence of poliovirus. The detrimental nature of polio calls for action of global vaccination. Owing to large\u2010scale vaccination efforts, many countries have been declared polio\u2010free and people are fully vaccinated against poliovirus. However, concern still remains as new cases are being identified in countries declared polio\u2010free. This scenario is particularly noticed due to the comprised healthcare system in the past 3 years of the Corona pandemic. Conditions for lower\u2010middle\u2010income countries are more problematic, where there are meager healthcare resources and the burden on the healthcare system is higher. Studies indicate some cases of non\u2010paralytic species of polio including cVDPV1, cVDPV2, and cVDPV3 in the group of outbreak countries. However, the major problem is associated with wild\u2010type poliovirus, that is,\u00a0WPV1 which leads to paralytic disease and is still present in endemic countries, such as Afghanistan and Pakistan. The incidence rate of wild polio cases has significantly decreased in comparison to the past years but the problem needs to be dealt with at the grass\u2010roots level. In this article, the most recent data have\u00a0been collected pertaining to the incidence of multivariant species of poliovirus, with a special focus on endemic and outbreak countries. A short overview of challenges to vaccination and a recommendatory overview has also been included for dealing with polio surges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T23:49:40Z","timestamp":1667260180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Tracking down the recent surge of polio virus in endemic and outbreak countries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Shiza","family":"Malik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bridging Health Foundation Rawalpindi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-4215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasir","family":"Waheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC) Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU) Islamabad Pakistan"},{"name":"Gilbert and Rose\u2010Marie Chagoury School of Medicine Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (WHO).Poliomyelitis. 2019.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/poliomyelitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"FerdinandsJM. Waning 2\u2010dose and 3\u2010dose effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against COVID\u201019\u2010associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among adults during periods of Delta and Omicron variant predominance\u2014VISION Network 10 states.Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71:255\u2010263."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"DoucleffM. Polio is found in the U.K. for the first time in nearly 40 years. Here's what it means. NPR; 2022.https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/goatsandsoda\/2022\/06\/22\/1106711204\/polio-found-in-u-k-for-the-first-time-in-nearly-40-years-heres-what-it-means"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7049a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"WHO. Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Financial Resources Requirement. Geneva. 2016.http:\/\/polioeradication.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/FRR2013-2019_April2016_EN_A4.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2022.04.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016\u20102018).https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/polio\/progress\/index.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7119a2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/511285a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70856-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7034a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI).Weekly polio updates. June 2022.https:\/\/polioeradication.org\/polio-today\/polio-now\/this-week\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"WHOWH Global Polio Eradication Initiative.GPEI Strategy 2022\u20132026.World Health Organization;2021.https:\/\/polioeradication.org\/gpei-strategy-2022-2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"Saloni DattaniFS.Our World in Data. 2022.https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/polio#note-39"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7115a2"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"01347","article-title":"The immediate impact of the COVID\u201019 pandemic on polio immunization and surveillance activities","volume":"0264","author":"Burkholder BW","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30184-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"WHOWH.Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Country: Afghanistan. Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2022.https:\/\/polioeradication.org\/countries\/afghanistan\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"Pakistan country Profile.Global Polio Eradication Initiatiove.2022.https:\/\/polioeradication.org\/countries\/pakistan\/"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.28265","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.28265","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.28265","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T08:44:42Z","timestamp":1772959482000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.28265"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.28265"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.28265","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e28265"}}