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We sought to clarify the reliability of direct varicella\u2010zoster virus (VZV) loop\u2010mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and DermaQuick\u00ae VZV using the immunochromatography technique as rapid diagnostic tests for varicella. In addition, the usefulness of saliva as a sample type for direct LAMP was investigated. Among the 46 enrolled patients with suspected VZV infection, 31 patients (67.3%) were positive for the nucleic acid test based on real\u2010time PCR from skin swab samples. Direct LAMP of skin swabs was positive in 29 (63.0%) of 46 patients. DermaQuick\u00ae VZV was positive in 25 (54.3%) of 46 patients. VZV DNA was detected in only 48.4% of oral swabs with the direct LAMP method. With real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the standard for diagnosing varicella, the sensitivity and specificity of DermaQuick\u00ae VZV were 80.7% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of direct LAMP from skin swabs were 93.6% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of real\u2010time PCR for DNA extracted from oral swabs were 74.2% and 93.3%, respectively. Thus, oral swab samples are not suitable for breakthrough varicella diagnosis. Although DermaQuick\u00ae VZV is considered the most convenient point\u2010of\u2010care test for varicella, its sensitivity and specificity were lower than those of direct VZV LAMP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T10:08:09Z","timestamp":1676023689000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Analysis of the reliability of rapid diagnostic tests for varicella, including breakthrough cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1794-9736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Higashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Kariya Toyota General Hospital  Kariya Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3942-7098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Kozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aoi","family":"Hamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mizuki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asuka","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuko","family":"Enya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science for Biological Monitoring Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1612-7060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaru","family":"Ihira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science for Biological Monitoring Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2847-7682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsushi","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Toyoake Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)90144-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0577-x"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)","volume":"45","author":"Harpaz R","year":"1996","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"791","article-title":"Recommendations for the use of live attenuated varicella vaccine. 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