{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T13:36:16Z","timestamp":1769088976526,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE) is a rare complication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV\u20101) infection or reactivation. It is so far unclear why only few patients develop HSE. As natural killer (NK) cells provide an important defense against HSV\u20101, we investigated whether there is an association between distinct human genetic variants associated with the host NK cell response and HSE. Forty\u2010nine adult patients with confirmed HSE and 247 matched controls were analyzed for the distribution of the following genotypes: CD16A (Fc\u03b3RIIIA) V\/F and <jats:italic>IGHG1<\/jats:italic> G1m3\/17, both influencing antibody\u2010dependent cellular cytotoxicity; HLA\u2010E*0101\/*0103, associated with NK cell activation; and <jats:italic>SLFN13<\/jats:italic> rs9916629<jats:sup>C\/T<\/jats:sup>\u00a0associated with NK cell response. Homozygous HLA\u2010E*0101:0101 and HLA\u2010E*0103:0103 variants as well as the rs9916629<jats:sup>CC<\/jats:sup> genotype were overrepresented in HSE patients compared to controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.001). Notably, cooccurrence of the homozygous HLA\u2010E*0101 and rs9916629<jats:sup>CC<\/jats:sup> genotypes was present in 19% of patients but totally absent in controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.0001). Distribution of CD16A and <jats:italic>IGHG1<\/jats:italic> variants did not differ between patients and controls. Our data show that the rare combination of HLA\u2010E*0101:0101 and rs9916629<jats:sup>CC<\/jats:sup> is significantly associated with HSE. Possibly, these genetic variations could be useful as clinical markers predicting HSE prognosis and helping to adapt the treatment of HSE in the individual patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T11:43:18Z","timestamp":1682595798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association between human genetic variants affecting the host NK cell response and the development of herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2152-7798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Graninger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna 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