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Here, we used human keratinocytes and induced pluripotent stem\u00a0cell\u2010derived colon organoids to examine the efficiency of viral growth in these cells and the MPXV infection\u2010mediated host responses. MPXV replication was much more productive in keratinocytes than in colon organoids. We observed that MPXV infections, regardless of strain, caused cellular dysfunction and mitochondrial damage in keratinocytes. Notably, a significant increase in the expression of hypoxia\u2010related genes was observed specifically in 2022 MPXV\u2010infected keratinocytes. Our comparison of virological features between 2022 MPXV and prior endemic MPXV strains revealed signaling pathways potentially involved with the cellular damages caused by MPXV infections and highlights host vulnerabilities that could be utilized as protective therapeutic strategies against human mpox in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T02:03:05Z","timestamp":1686189785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Virological characterization of the 2022 outbreak\u2010causing monkeypox virus using human keratinocytes and colon organoids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Yukio","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) Kyoto 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