{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:13:26Z","timestamp":1772118806039,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases immune activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress that could lead to premature senescence. Different HCV infections, either acute or chronic infection, could lead to distinct premature cellular senescence in people living with HIV (PLWHIV).\u00a0Observational study in 116 PLWHIV under antiretroviral treatment with\u00a0different HCV status: (i)\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200945 chronically infected with HCV (CHC);\u00a0(ii)\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200936 individuals who spontaneously clarify HCV (SC);\u00a0(iii)\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935 HIV controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed at lipid, DNA, protein, and nitrates levels, as well as antioxidant capacity and glutathione reductase enzyme. Replicative senescence was evaluated by relative telomere length (RTL) measurement. Additionally, 26\u00a0markers of Senescence\u2010Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) were analyzed by multiplex immunoassays (Luminex xMAP technology). Differences were evaluated by generalized linear model (GLMs) adjusted by most significant covariates.\u00a0The SC group had a senescence signature similar to the HIV control group and slightly lower SASP levels. However, significant differences were observed with respect to the CHC group, where an increase in the nitrate concentration [adjusted arithmetic mean ratio,\u00a0aAMR\u2009=\u20091.73 (1.27\u20132.35),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                    <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.009] and the secretion of 13 SASP\u2010associated factors [granulocyte macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF), interferon\u2010\u03b2, interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20102, IL\u20108, IL\u201013, tumor necrosis factor\u00a0(TNF)\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20101RA, IL\u20107, IL\u201015, C\u2010X\u2010C motif chemokine ligand 10\u00a0(IP\u201010), stem cell factor (SCF);\n                    <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.1)] was detected. The CHC group also showed higher values of IL\u20101\u03b1, IP\u201010,\u00a0and placental\u00a0growth factor 1 (PIGF\u20101) than\u00a0HIV controls.\u00a0The SC group showed a slightly lower senescence profile than the HIV group, which could indicate a more efficient control of viral\u2010induced senescence due to their immune strengths. Chronic HCV infection in PLWHIV led to an increase in nitrate and elevated SASP biomarkers favoring the establishment of viral persistence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T04:58:01Z","timestamp":1689742681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["HCV spontaneous clearers showed low senescence profile in people living with HIV under long ART"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0015-5961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta","family":"Lara\u2010Aguilar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis Reference and Research Laboratory, National Center of Microbiology Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Majadahonda 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