{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T16:59:11Z","timestamp":1781974751852,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coxsackievirus A16 (CV\u2010A16) is a significant pathogen responsible for causing hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina (HA). This study aimed to investigate the recent evolution and spread of CV\u2010A16 by monitoring HFMD and HA cases in 29 hospitals across 16 districts in Beijing from 2019 to 2021. The first five cases of HFMD and the first five cases of HA each month in each hospital were included in the study. Real\u2010time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to identify CV\u2010A16, CV\u2010A6, and EV\u2010A71. From each district, two to four\u00a0CV\u2010A16 positive samples with a relatively long sampling time interval every month were selected for sequencing. A total of 3344 HFMD cases and 2704 HA cases were enrolled in this study, with 76.0% (2541\/3344) of HFMD and 45.4% (1227\/2704) of HA cases confirmed to be infected by enterovirus. Among the EV\u2010positive samples, CV\u2010A16 virus was detected in 33.61% (854\/2541) of HFMD cases and 13.4% (165\/1227) of HA cases, with the predominant cluster being B1a. Both B1a and B1b had a co\u2010circulation of local and imported strains, with different origin time (1993 vs. 1995), different global distribution (14 countries vs. 10 countries), and different transmission centers but mainly distributed in the southern and eastern regions of Beijing. Strengthening surveillance of HFMD in southern and eastern regions will improve the prevention and control efficiency of enterovirus infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]],"date-time":"2023-07-29T05:15:32Z","timestamp":1690607732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Phylogenetics and phylogeographic characteristics of coxsackievirus A16 in hand foot and mouth disease and herpangina cases collected in Beijing, China from 2019 to 2021"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0141-6812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renqing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control Beijing 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