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Here, we report the presence of adenovirus 36 (Ad36) and its viral load copy number in fat tissue of participants with obesity and normal weight; phylogenetic analysis was performed to describe their relationship and genetic variability among viral haplotypes. Adipose tissue obtained from 105 adult patients with obesity (cases) and 26 normal\u2010weight adult participants as controls were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplifying the partial Ad36 E1a gene. The amplicons were examined by melting curves and submitted to sequencing. Then, genetic diversity and phylogenetic inferences were performed. Ad36 was identified at rates of 82% and 46% in the case and control groups, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.1\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>, odds ratio\u2009=\u20095.28); viral load copies were also significantly different between both groups, being 25% higher in the case group. Melting curve analysis showed clear amplification among positive samples. Phylogenetic inferences and genetic diversity analyses showed that the Ad36 E1a gene exhibits low genetic variability and differentiation with strong gene flow due to an expanding process. Our results suggest that the phenomenon of infectobesity by Ad36 might not be a low\u2010risk factor, as has been previously argued by other authors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T13:20:53Z","timestamp":1691155253000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Presence of human adenovirus 36 in visceral fat tissue, viral load, and analysis of its genetic variability"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Sanchez\u2010Aguillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Alarcon\u2010Valdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Ixtlahuaca CUI Toluca Estado de Mexico Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Rojano\u2010Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"Ibarra\u2010Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica","family":"Olivo\u2010Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonnathan Guadalupe","family":"Santillan\u2010Benitez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Molecular Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Toluca Estado de Mexico Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Martinez\u2010Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2534-9447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Maravilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0522-8357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirza","family":"Romero\u2010Valdovinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General \u201cDr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez\u201d Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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