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In the largest known outbreak of mpox, genomic surveillance efforts have primarily focused on high\u2010incidence nations in Europe and the Americas, with a paucity of data from South\u2010East Asia and the Western Pacific. Here we analyzed 102 monkeypox virus (MPXV) genomes sampled from 56 individuals in Melbourne, Australia. All genomes fell within the 2022 MPXV outbreak lineage (B.1), with likely onward local transmission detected. We observed within\u2010host diversity and instances of co\u2010infection, and highlight further examples of structural variation and apolipoprotein B editing complex\u2010driven micro\u2010evolution in the current MPXV outbreak. Updating our understanding of MPXV emergence and diversification will inform public health measures and enable monitoring of the virus\u2019 evolutionary trajectory throughout the mpox outbreak.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T12:10:25Z","timestamp":1691755825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Intra\u2010 and interhost genomic diversity of monkeypox virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-5338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona L.","family":"Taouk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eike","family":"Steinig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Taiaroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Savic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasra","family":"Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Department of Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Department of Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Department of Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxwell","family":"Braddick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Department of Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Moso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric P. F.","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Towns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus Y.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Caly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan K.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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