{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T22:49:52Z","timestamp":1768776592015,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) vaccines are highly effective but also induce adverse events, in particular, autoimmunity. Findings from several studies revealed that patients with life\u2010threatening SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection had increased, pre\u2010existing, neutralizing antibodies against type I interferons (IFNs). However, whether COVID\u201019 vaccination induces the anti\u2010type I IFN antibody remains unclear. In the current study, we evaluated plasma levels of 103 autoantibodies against various human self\u2010antigens and 16 antibodies against viral antigens in healthy individuals pre\u2010 and post\u2010COVID\u201019 vaccination. Twelve participants received a COVID\u201019 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer\u2010BioNTech or Moderna), and 8 participants received a viral vector\u2010based vaccine (Janssen). All participants produced increased antibody levels against SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 antigens following vaccination. Among the 103 autoantibodies, only plasma levels of IgG autoantibodies against type I IFNs increased in participants who received a mRNA vaccine (3\/12), but not in those who received the viral vector\u2010based vaccine (0\/8) at postvaccination compared to pre\u2010vaccination. Among the three individuals showing increased anti\u2010IFN IgG following vaccination, both plasma samples and plasma\u2010purified total IgGs showed a dose\u2010dependent binding ability to IFN\u2010\u03b1; two of the three showed neutralizing activity to IFN\u2010\u03b1\u20102a\u2010induced phosphorated STAT1 responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells postvaccination compared to baseline in vitro. Among the 103 autoantibodies tested, the COVID\u201019 mRNA vaccine, but not the viral vector\u2010based vaccine, specifically induced neutralizing anti\u2010type I IFN autoantibodies in a small group of healthy individuals (~10%). Findings from this study imply that COVID\u201019 mRNA vaccines may suppress IFN\u2010mediated innate immunity and impair immune defense through induced autoimmunity in some healthy individuals, who may need to switch to another type of COVID\u201019 vaccine (e.g., a viral vector\u2010based vaccine).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T15:32:06Z","timestamp":1696433526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["COVID\u201019 mRNA vaccine, but not a viral vector\u2010based vaccine, promotes neutralizing anti\u2010type I interferon autoantibody production in a small group of healthy individuals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Wanli","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Nursing  Storrs Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University School of Nursing West Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1374-053X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ralph H. 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