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The use of a cellularity control (CC)\u00a0is needed to reduce false\u2010negative HPV results. An external mRNA CC for\u00a0the HPV APTIMA\u00ae\u00a0assay was assessed for its analytical performance and the results were compared with both cervix cytobrush samples taken by physicians and self\u2010collected vaginal samples from 148 women. The performance of the CC was adjusted to control for the presence of cellular mRNA in the ThinPrep\u00ae and Multitest\u00ae transport media. This CC is user\u2010friendly but implies to perform two independent assays on PANTHER\u00ae\u00a0automate. Self\u2010collected vaginal sampling gives a lower median CC results (13.2 vs. 16.9\u2009min) but a higher risk of negative CC results (3.3 vs. 0%). The usefulness of the CC for the HR\u2010HPV\u00a0assay may be optimized by the definition of a threshold for a minimum cell number to be tested to increase confidence in HPV\u2010negative results. 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