{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:01:12Z","timestamp":1784865672468,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The development of bivalent booster vaccines addresses the ongoing evolution of the emerging B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant subtypes that are known to escape vaccine\u2010induced neutralizing antibody response. Little is known about the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of bivalent mRNA vaccines in hemodialysis patients with impaired vaccine response. In this prospective, observational cohort study, we analyzed SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 anti\u2010S1 IgG, surrogate neutralizing antibodies (SNA), and live\u2010virus neutralization against the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 wildtype and the BA.5 variant in 42 hemodialysis patients with and without prior SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection before and after an additional fifth bivalent vaccine dose. Anti\u2010S1 IgG and SNA were significantly higher in hemodialysis patients with prior infection than in patients without infection (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively). In patients without prior infection, both antibody levels increased, and live\u2010virus neutralizing antibodies against the wildtype and the BA.5 variant were correspondingly significantly higher after bivalent booster vaccination (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for both). Conversely, in patients with prior infection, anti\u2010S1 IgG and SNA did not alter significantly, and bivalent booster vaccination did not induce additional humoral immune response against the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 wildtype and the BA.5 variant. Thus, bivalent mRNA vaccines might increase humoral responses in hemodialysis patients without prior infection. Larger clinical trials are needed to help guide vaccination strategies in these immunocompromised individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T20:25:58Z","timestamp":1702412758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Live\u2010virus serum neutralization after bivalent SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 mRNA vaccination in hemodialysis patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8366-2100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Benning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology University of Heidelberg  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Bartenschlager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology University of 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