{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T18:55:12Z","timestamp":1793472912864,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82000060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019), caused by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, have profoundly affected human health. Booster COVID\u201019 vaccines have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing infection and severe cases. However, the effects of booster COVID\u201019 vaccines on key immune cell subsets and their responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are not well understood. By using single\u2010cell RNA sequencing (scRNA\u2010seq) combined with scTCR\/BCR\u2010seq analysis, a total of 8 major and 27 minor cell clusters were identified from paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) which were collected 1 week before and 4 weeks after booster vaccination in stable RA patients. Booster vaccination only had limited impact on the composition and proportions of PBMCs cell clusters. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CD8+T_CTL) showed a trend toward an increase after vaccination, while naive B cells and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) showed a trend toward a decrease. Transcriptomic changes were observed after booster vaccination, primarily involving T\/B cell receptor signaling pathways, phagosome, antigen processing and presenting, and viral myocarditis pathways. Interferon (IFN) and pro\u2010inflammatory response gene sets were slightly upregulated across most major cell subpopulations in COVID\u201019 booster\u2010vaccinated RA individuals. Plasma neutralizing antibody titers significantly increased after booster COVID\u201019 vaccination (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.037). Single\u2010cell TCR\/BCR analysis revealed increased B cell clone expansion and repertoire diversity postvaccination, with no consistent alterations in T cells. Several clonotypes of BCRs and TCRs were identified to be significantly over\u2010represented after vaccination, such as IGHV3\u201015 and TRBV28. Our study provided a comprehensive single\u2010cell atlas of the peripheral immune response and TCR\/BCR immune repertoire profiles to inactivated SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 booster vaccination in RA patients, which helps us to understand vaccine\u2010induced immune responses better.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T03:20:30Z","timestamp":1712114430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Immune features revealed by single\u2010cell RNA and single\u2010cell TCR\/BCR sequencing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving COVID\u201019 booster vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5003-9876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindstar Global Precision Medicine Institute  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanni","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindstar Global Precision Medicine Institute  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0515-7974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guiqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuedan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuoli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17218155"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-023-00569-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2206573"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102778"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"E1","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID\u201019 vaccination in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: version 5","volume":"75","author":"Curtis JR","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis 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