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This study conducted an analysis of immune responses in pregnant women infected with HEV manifesting varying severity. Data mining analysis of the GSE79197 was utilized to examine differentially biological functions in pregnant women with HEV infection (P\u2010HEV) versus without HEV infection (P\u2010nHEV), P\u2010HEV progressing to ALF (P\u2010ALF) versus P\u2010HEV, and P\u2010HEV versus non\u2010pregnant women with HEV infection (nP\u2010HEV). We found cellular response to interleukin and immune response\u2010regulating signalings were activated in P\u2010HEV compared with P\u2010nHEV. However, there was a significant decrease of immune responses, such as T cell activation, leukocyte cell\u2010cell adhesion, regulation of lymphocyte activation, and immune response\u2010regulating signaling pathway in P\u2010ALF patient than P\u2010HEV patient. Compared with nP\u2010HEV, MHC protein complex binding function was inhibited in P\u2010HEV. Further microRNA enrichment analysis showed that MAPK and T cell receptor signaling pathways were inhibited in P\u2010HEV compared with nP\u2010HEV. In summary, immune responses were activated during HEV infection while being suppressed when developing ALF during pregnancy, heightening the importance of immune mediation in the pathogenesis of severe outcome in HEV infected pregnant women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T06:50:26Z","timestamp":1714978226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Deregulation of immune response contributing to fulminant hepatitis in HEV infected pregnant women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Yining","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital &amp; Shenzhen Hospital Chinese Academy 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