{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T04:17:53Z","timestamp":1782706673323,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since May 2022, several countries outside of Africa experienced multiple clusters of monkeypox virus (MPXV)\u2010associated disease. In the present study, anti\u2010MPXV and anti\u2010vaccinia virus (VACV) neutralizing antibody responses were evaluated in two cohorts of subjects from the general Italian population (one half born before the WHO\u2010recommended end of smallpox vaccination in 1980, the other half born after). Higher titers (either against MPXV or VACV) were observed in the cohort of individuals born before the interruption of VACV vaccination. An association between VACV and MPXV antibody levels was observed, suggesting that the smallpox vaccination may confer some degree of cross\u2010protection against MPXV infection. Results from this study highlight low levels of immunity toward the assessed Orthopoxviruses, especially in young adults, advocating the introduction of a VACV\u2010 or MPXV\u2010specific vaccine in case of resurgence of monkeypox disease outbreaks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T12:58:13Z","timestamp":1718110693000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evaluation of monkeypox\u2010 and vaccinia\u2010virus neutralizing antibodies before and after smallpox vaccination: A sero\u2010epidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6817-2461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Marchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine University of Siena  Siena 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