{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:39:52Z","timestamp":1784673592913,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different antiviral treatments for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) have been known to have different metabolic effects. This study aimed to reveal whether tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)\u2010induced dyslipidemia and its associated outcomes are significant. This study utilized 15\u2010year historical cohort including patients with CHB in Korea and consisted of two parts: the single\u2010antiviral and switch\u2010antiviral cohorts. In the single\u2010antiviral cohort, patients were divided into four groups (entecavir [ETV]\u2010only, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [TDF]\u2010only, TAF\u2010only, and non\u2010antiviral). Propensity score matching (PSM) and linear regression model were sequentially applied to compare metabolic profiles and estimated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risks longitudinally. In the switch\u2010antiviral cohort, pairwise analyses were conducted in patients who switched NAs to TAF or from TAF. In the single\u2010antiviral cohort, body weight and statin use showed significant differences between groups before PSM, but well\u2010balanced after PSM. Changes in total cholesterol were significantly different between groups (\u22122.57\u2009mg\/dL\/year in the TDF\u2010only group and +2.88\u2009mg\/dL\/year in the TAF\u2010only group; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02, respectively). In the TDF\u2010only group, HDL cholesterol decreased as well (\u22120.55\u2009mg\/dL\/year; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The TAF\u2010only group had the greatest increase in ASCVD risk, followed by the TDF\u2010only group and the non\u2010antiviral group. In the switch\u2010antiviral cohort, patients who switched from TDF to TAF had a higher total cholesterol after switching (+9.4\u2009mg\/dL\/year) than before switching (\u22121.0\u2009mg\/dL\/year; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047). Sensitivity analysis on data with an observation period set to a maximum of 3 years for NA treatment showed consistent results on total cholesterol (\u22122.96\u2009mg\/dL\/year in the TDF\u2010only group and +3.09\u2009mg\/dL\/year in the TAF\u2010only group; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005, respectively). Another sensitivity analysis conducted on statin\u2010treated patients revealed no significant change in cholesterol and ASCVD risk. TAF was associated with increased total cholesterol, whereas TDF was associated with decreased total and HDL cholesterol. Both TAF and TDF were associated with increased ASCVD risks, and statin use might mitigate these risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T12:01:06Z","timestamp":1719576066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Metabolic effects and cardiovascular disease risks of antiviral treatments in patients with chronic hepatitis B"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Hyunjae","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer National Cancer Center Goyang South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyung Sun","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Woong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunmi","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngsu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South 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