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Approval of direct\u2010acting antiviral drug combinations has revolutionized chronic HCV therapy, with virus eradication in &gt;98% of the treated patients. The efficacy of these treatments is such that it is formally possible for cured patients to carry formerly infected cells that display irreversible transcriptional alterations directly caused by chronic HCV Infection. Combining differential transcriptomes from two different persistent infection models, we observed a major reversion of infection\u2010related transcripts after complete infection elimination. However, a small number of transcripts were abnormally expressed in formerly infected cells. Comparison of the results obtained in proliferating and growth\u2010arrested cell culture models suggest that permanent transcriptional alterations may be established by several mechanisms. Interestingly, some of these alterations were also observed in the liver biopsies of virologically cured patients. Overall, our data suggest a direct and permanent impact of persistent HCV infection on the host cell transcriptome even after virus elimination, possibly contributing to the development of HCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T07:00:57Z","timestamp":1720681257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hepatitis C virus\u2010induced differential transcriptional traits in host cells after persistent infection elimination by direct\u2010acting antivirals in cell culture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9151-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda\u2010Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas Madrid 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