{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:08:33Z","timestamp":1788390513023,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a neoplasm of vascular origin that promotes angiogenesis and the growth of endothelial cells triggered by the Kaposi Sarcoma\u2010associated Herpes Virus (KSHV). When associated with HIV, KSHV becomes more aggressive and rapidly evolves. The HIV\u20101 TAT protein can be essential in developing AIDS\u2010associated KS by promoting angiogenesis and increasing KSHV replication. Therefore, we evaluated the genetic profile of the first exon of <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic> gene among groups of people living with HIV (PLHIV) with (case group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200936) or without KS, this later with (positive control group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200946) and without KSHV infection (negative control group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924); all individuals under antiretroviral therapy. The genetic diversity, the DN\/DS ratio, and the genetic entropy of the first exon of <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic> were higher in the case group, followed by the positive control group, which was higher than the negative control group. The number of <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic> codons under positive selection was seven in the case group, six in the positive control group, and one in the negative control group. The prevalence of HIV viral loads below the detection limit was equal in the case and positive control groups, which were lower than in the negative control group. The mean CD4+ T cell counts were higher in the negative control group, followed by the positive control group, and followed by the case group. These results emphasize the negative influence of KSHV in antiretroviral treatment, as well as the HIV\u2010specific TAT profile among PLHIV who developed KS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T11:42:08Z","timestamp":1722598928000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["People living with HIV co\u2010infected with the Kaposi Sarcoma\u2010associated Herpes Virus have a distinct HIV Tat profile and higher rates of antiretroviral virologic failure, more evident among those with Kaposi's sarcoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Dalila G.","family":"Suterio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Retrovirology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo 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