{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:57:22Z","timestamp":1753869442206,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improving the therapeutic management of HIV\u2010positive persons is a major public health issue and includes better detection of drug resistance mutations (DRMs). The aim of this study was (i) to explore DRMs in HIV\u20101\u2010positive persons presenting a blood viral load (VL)\u2009&lt;\u20091000 genomes copies (gc)\/mL, including the analyze of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and HIV\u2010DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using ultradeep sequencing (UDS) and (ii), to evaluate how these DRMs could influence the clinical practices. For each patient (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912), including five low\u2010VL patients (i.e., &lt;1000\u2009gc\/mL), HIV\u20101 UDS targeting the protease, reverse transcriptase and integrase genes was performed on plasma, proviral DNA, and CSF when available. Sequencing discordances or failures were mostly found in samples from low\u2010VL patients. A 5% UDS cut\u2010off allowed to increase the sensitivity to detect DRMs in different compartments, excepted in CSF. Patients with the highest viral quasispecies heterogeneity were na\u00efve of treatment or presented a medical history suggesting low selection pressure or virological failures. When analyzing compartmentalization and following\u2010up patients: low\u2010frequency variants (LFVs) were responsible for 47% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098) and 76% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913) of changes in drug resistance interpretation, respectively. In such cases, we conclude that UDS is a robust technique, which still could be improved by increase the RNA and\/or DNA extraction in low\u2010VL samples to detect LFVs. Further studies are needed to define the impact of LFVs on antiretroviral treatments. At last, when considering a DRM, the use of mutational load would probably be more suitable than frequencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T10:10:26Z","timestamp":1724667026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The relevance of ultradeep sequencing for low HIV\u20101 viral loads and proviruses in the clinical setting"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Aliz\u00e9e","family":"Foury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine de Nancy, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline","family":"Saunier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Taverniers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Pinet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Josse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliette","family":"Jeanmaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Emilie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0290-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyne","family":"Schvoerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"},{"name":"CNRS, LCPME, CHRU, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine Villers\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Hartard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Nancy Vandoeuvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"},{"name":"CNRS, LCPME, CHRU, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine Villers\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_10_2_1.1","unstructured":"WHO.Global Health Sector Strategies on Respectively HIV Viral Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections for the Period 2022\u20102030. 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