{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T01:46:42Z","timestamp":1771033602467,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Neonatal herpes simplex virus (NHSV) infection, although rare, is related to high rates of morbidity and mortality, both can be reduced by prompt acyclovir treatment. In contrast, enterovirus is a common cause of neonatal meningitis, with relatively negligible incidence of serious illness or long\u2010term sequelae, and its clinical course is not affected by acyclovir treatment. Acyclovir is associated predominantly with renal adverse effects, and its widespread application in the context of neonatal fever is not always justified. To further characterized the Israeli NHSV infection epidemiology and to evaluate the distinct clinical characteristics of NHSV and neonatal enteroviral meningitis (NEM), Israeli NHSV patients, hospitalized between January 2015 and April 2022 in 22 medical centers were assessed, together with NEM patients, hospitalized at Sheba Medical Center during the same period. NHSV demographic and clinical characteristics were documented and compared to those of NEM. Eighty\u2010five NHSV (73% males) and 130 NEM (62% males) patients were included. The incidence of NHSV was 5.9\/100\u2009000 live births, the common phenotype and HSV type were SEM (53%) and HSV1 (91%), respectively. Horizontal transmission was suspected in 50% cases (of which 67% underwent a Jewish ritual circumcision with direct wound sucking, 33% had relatives with highly suspicious herpetic lesions). Compared with NEM, NHSV tends to present with rash (14% vs. 60%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and seizures (0% vs. 6%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02), while fever, irritability and poor feeding appear more frequently in NEM (94% vs. 18%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01; 37% vs. 1%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01; 25% vs. 1%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively). Of NEM patients, 28% were treated with acyclovir. Our results mark a decrease in the incidence rate of NHSV in Israel and a prominent mode of horizontal infection acquisition. We underscore the unique localized phenotype of NHSV, in contrast to enterovirus, which tends to cause a systemic disease with constitutional symptoms. These findings should be considered when evaluating the need for comprehensive empirical treatment for HSV in the context of neonatal fever, or according to a certain clinical presentation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T09:06:27Z","timestamp":1727082387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Israeli neonatal herpes simplex infection: Unique epidemiology and clinical profile"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3405-1719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tal Golan","family":"Lagziel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer Ramat Gan Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menucha","family":"Jurkowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer Ramat Gan Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oren","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Ein Karem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merav","family":"Mor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department Schneider Children's Medical Center Petah\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orli","family":"Megged","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Ein Karem Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Nasrallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus Haifa Israel"},{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department HaEmek Medical Center Affula Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rimma","family":"Melamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Soroka Medical Center Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shani Levin","family":"Blustein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Mayanei HaYeshua Medical Center Bnei\u2010Brak Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Tasher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Wolfson Medical Center Holon Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Guri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Ein Karem Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asaf","family":"Regev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Dana\u2010Dwek Children's Hospital  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilan","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Day\u2010Care Clinic, Barzilai Medical Center Ashkelon Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7154-2032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tal","family":"Brosh\u2010Nissimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"},{"name":"Infectious diseases Unit, Samson Assuta University Hospital Ashdod Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Bamberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Bnai Zion Medical Center Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronni Gur","family":"Lavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Shamir Medical Center Be'er Ya'akov Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelly","family":"Lipman\u2010Arens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center Hadera Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shereen","family":"Shehadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Carmel Medical Center Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Farah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious diseases Unit, Ziv Medical Center Zfat Israel"},{"name":"Azrieli Faculty of Medicine Bar\u2010Ilan University Zefat 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