{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:06:27Z","timestamp":1773029187134,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, primarily caused by HSV\u20101 and HSV\u20102, are prevalent worldwide and carry significant health implications. The impact of tobacco use on HSV infections, however, remains underexplored. This cross\u2010sectional study utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2009\u20132016) to investigate the link between Tobacco use and HSV infections among U.S. adults. Smoking status, volume, and serum cotinine levels were analyzed, alongside demographic and behavioral factors. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to adjust for confounders such as sexual behavior. Our study involved 5693 participants to explore the relationship between tobacco use and HSV infection. We found that smokers, particularly current smokers, have a significantly increased risk of both HSV\u20101 and HSV\u20102 infections compared to non\u2010smokers. Specifically, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for HSV\u20101 in current smokers was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.16\u20131.59,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and for HSV\u20102, it was 2.37 (95% CI: 1.88\u20133,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The risk escalates with the intensity of smoking. Elevated serum cotinine levels correlated with an increased risk of HSV infection (HSV\u20101:1.13 [95% CI:1.09\u20131.18,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001]; HSV\u20102:1.33 [95% CI:1.25\u20131.41,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001]). After PSM for factors such as age, gender, sexual behavior, and condom use, these associations remained significant. Tobacco use is significantly associated with an increased risk of HSV infections, highlighting the importance of reducing tobacco exposure in public health strategies against HSV. Further, longitudinal studies are warranted to establish causality and explore underlying mechanisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T05:09:09Z","timestamp":1731388149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of Tobacco Use on Herpes Simplex Virus Infections: Findings From a National Survey"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Jiafeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Naval Medical University Shanghai P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuangxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Youan Hospital Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Beijing P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Naval Medical University Shanghai P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Science First Students Brigade Naval Medical University Shanghai P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunxia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2549-2721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Naval Medical University Shanghai P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.798927"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.237149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab1056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01161-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.122730"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000646"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14640"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2023.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.13183"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00227-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/343739"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-1340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.12.015"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"426","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"138","author":"Whelton P. 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