{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T07:36:03Z","timestamp":1782804963799,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the <jats:italic>Monkeypox virus<\/jats:italic> (MPXV), and since May 2022, tens of thousands of cases have been reported in non\u2010endemic countries. We aimed to evaluate the suitability of different sample types for mpox diagnostic and assess the temporal dynamics of viral load. We evaluated 1914 samples from 953 laboratory\u2010confirmed cases. The positivity rate was higher for lesion (91.3%) and rectal swabs (86.1%) when compared with oropharyngeal swabs (69.5%) and urines (41.2%), indicating higher viral loads for the former. Supporting this, lesion and rectal swabs showed lower median PCR <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> values (<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200923 and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200924), compared to oropharyngeal swabs and urines (<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200931). Stable MPXV loads were observed in swabs from lesions up to 30 days after symptoms onset, contrasting with a considerable decrease in viral load in rectal and oropharyngeal swabs. Overall, these results point to lesion swabs as the most suitable samples for detecting MPXV in the 2022\u20132023 multicountry outbreak and show comparable accuracy to rectal swabs up to 8 days after symptoms onset. These findings, together with the observation that about 5% of patients were diagnosed through oropharyngeal swabs while having negative lesions, suggest that multisite testing should be performed to increase diagnostic sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T07:15:31Z","timestamp":1733814931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An Overview of <i>Monkeypox Virus<\/i> Detection in Different Clinical Samples and Analysis of Temporal Viral Load Dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5321-3657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Response and Biopreparedness Unit, Infectious Diseases Department National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Lisbon 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of Medicine University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1553-3470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Lopo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infectious Diseases Department National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7301-9225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Vaccine\u2010Preventable Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infectious Diseases Department National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Palminha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Vaccine\u2010Preventable Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4673-5411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Verdasca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infectious Diseases Department National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Palhinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Response and Biopreparedness 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