{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:30:35Z","timestamp":1789986635146,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reported tick\u2010borne\u2010encephalitis (TBE) cases have been increasing in Western Austria, but no data are available on vaccination\u2010 and infection\u2010specific seroprevalence. This study aimed to estimate current TBEV\u2010seroprevalence in the region and inform prevention programs by comparing anti\u2010NS1\u2010based\u2010incidence rates with reported case numbers and vaccination coverage. Between December 2023 and February 2024, serum samples from 4619 blood donors in Western Austria were collected and analyzed using TBEV\u2010 and WNV\u2010IgG\u2010ELISA assays. Seropositive samples were tested with a TBEV\u2010anti\u2010NS1\u2010IgG\u2010ELISA to distinguish infections from vaccinations. Borderline samples were retested with serum neutralization and triple\u2010NS1\u2010assays. The overall anti\u2010TBEV\u2010IgG\u2010seroprevalence was 80.1% (95%CI 78.9\u201381.3); 2.7% (95%CI 2.3\u20133.2) of donors tested positive for anti\u2010TBEV\u2010NS1 IgG antibodies, indicating previous infection. The notified incidence rate in Western Austria was 2.7\/100\u2009000\/year, compared to 136.2\/100\u2009000\/year based on anti\u2010TBEV\u2010NS1\u2010seropositive donors, denoting a substantial number of unreported cases (mean manifestation index 1.9%). The number of donors with TBEV\u2010infections varied considerably by district, highlighting potential hotspots for TBEV\u2010infections. The high anti\u2010NS1\u2010based, estimated annual TBE incidence rates show significant differences between districts, highlighting the need for targeted prevention programs. The high rate of undiagnosed TBE cases further suggests that estimated anti\u2010NS1\u2010based incidence rates should be considered when defining high\u2010risk areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T15:30:24Z","timestamp":1733931024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Tick\u2010Borne Encephalitis Virus Surveillance\u2014Vaccination\u2010 and Infection\u2010Induced Seroprevalences in Western Austria 2024"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7860-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Siller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, University Hospital of Innsbruck Tirol Kliniken GmbH Innsbruck 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