{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:57:36Z","timestamp":1753869456900,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Placental trophoblasts constitute the interface between the fetal and maternal environments and physically prevent maternal\u2013fetal viral transmission. However, congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in the early stages of pregnancy results in severe symptoms in the fetus. HCMV is the most common causative agent of intrauterine infection. To clarify the etiology of congenital HCMV infection, we focused on how the placental environment affects HCMV infection. We investigated the role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are highly and specifically expressed in placental trophoblasts. The transfection of trophoblast\u2010specific C19MC miRNAs, encoded by the\u00a0<jats:styled-content>c<\/jats:styled-content>hromosome\u00a0\n<jats:styled-content>19 m<\/jats:styled-content>iRNA\u00a0\n<jats:styled-content>c<\/jats:styled-content>luster, markedly enhanced HCMV Immediate Early (IE) gene expression and subsequent viral production. However, the expression of the herpes simplex virus type\u20101 IE gene was not changed by C19MC\u2010BAC transfection. From among 46427 mapped genes, we identified that the expression of <jats:italic>RAC2<\/jats:italic>, a Rac family small GTPase, was markedly suppressed with an independent genetic hierarchical cluster by C19MC\u2010BAC transfection. The suppression of <jats:italic>RAC2<\/jats:italic> expression enhanced HCMV IE gene expression. Here, we propose the hypothesis that the placental environment contributes to HCMV\u2010specific replication via the trophoblast\u2010specific miRNA\u2010mediated downregulation of <jats:italic>RAC2<\/jats:italic> expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T09:56:52Z","timestamp":1735034212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human Cytomegalovirus Replication Enhanced By Placental MicroRNAs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Kazufumi","family":"Ikuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Miyagi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Medical Science and Technology, School of Health Science, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University 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