{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:35:32Z","timestamp":1793824532548,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicella, a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella\u2010zoster virus (VZV), remains prevalent in China despite the introduction of the varicella vaccine in 1997. The current vaccination protocol in China involves a voluntary, self\u2010funded single\u2010dose regimen. This study aims to investigate the longevity of immune response in Chinese children following two\u2010dose varicella vaccination administered at different intervals, with the objective of optimizing vaccination strategies. This 4\u2010year prospective cohort observational study categorized participants into three groups based on the interval between the two varicella vaccine doses: 1\u2010, 3\u2010, and 5\u2010year intervals. Antibody detection was performed using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The temporal evolution of IgG antibody levels following the two\u2010dose vaccination was analyzed using a binary logistic regression model with restricted cubic splines (RCS). The study revealed a significant decline in both seropositivity rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) over time following the two\u2010dose vaccination. Seropositivity rates decreased from 100.0% to 79.8%, while GMC dropped from 575.1 to 251.9\u2009mIU\/mL. No statistically significant differences were observed in seropositivity rates or GMC among the different interval groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The RCS\u2010fitted model demonstrated an \u201cinverted U\u2010shaped\u201d relationship between the time since the last vaccination and seropositivity. Antibody levels peaked approximately 22 months after the second dose, with the odds ratio (OR) for antibody concentrations \u2265\u200950\u2009mIU\/mL exhibiting a nonlinear trend in relation to time post\u2010immunization (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>overall<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>nonlinear\u2009<\/jats:sub>\u2264\u20090.001). While the interval between vaccine doses did not significantly impact long\u2010term immune response, a critical turning point in antibody levels was observed at approximately 22 months postvaccination. Furthermore, enhanced long\u2010term monitoring of postvaccination immune responses, particularly beyond the identified turning point, is recommended to facilitate the evaluation and optimization of existing vaccination protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T11:30:48Z","timestamp":1736940648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Study on the Persistence of Immunity Following Two\u2010Dose Varicella Vaccination With Varying Intervals in Chinese Children Aged 2\u20137 years"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Expanded Program on Immunization Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Expanded Program on Immunization Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Expanded Program on Immunization Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suqian Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(17)30188-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1236-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02281-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19914\/j.cjvi.2019.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19914\/j.cjvi.2020.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0962"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.13.132142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of Varicella: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (Acip)","volume":"56","author":"Marin M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Recommendations and Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/529044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Restricted Cubic Spline Regression: A Brief Introduction","author":"RC","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1956227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6919e2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11111674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/529043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa066092"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.7.851"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2410065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61461-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522123"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.70172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T08:26:04Z","timestamp":1741767964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.70172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.70172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.70172","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70172"}}