{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T17:46:56Z","timestamp":1780508816044,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause diverse disease presentations as pathogens and are also used as viral vectors for vaccines and gene therapy products. Pre\u2010existing adaptive immune responses to HAdV are known to influence symptom severity, viral clearance and the success of viral vectored products. Of note, approximately 50% of the UK's adult population has received at least one dose of a chimpanzee adenovirus vectored SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccine (ChAdOx1) since January 2021. We used FluoroSpot analysis to quantify the interferon\u2010gamma (IFN\u03b3) and interleukin\u20102 (IL2) responses of healthy blood donors to HAdV species A, B, C, D and F and chimpanzee adenovirus Y25, related to HAdV species E. We find that cellular immune responses to multiple species of human adenovirus are ubiquitous among healthy adult blood donors and that stimulating PBMC with whole hexon peptide libraries induces a significantly greater IFN\u03b3 and IL2 response than using selected peptide pools alone. We then compared the cellular immune responses of ChAdOx1 recipients and control donors using PBMC collected in 2021 and found that homotypic and heterotypic IFN\u03b3 responses were significantly boosted in ChAdOx1 recipients but not controls. Finally, we show that in PBMC derived from blood donors, IFN\u03b3 responses are made to both conserved and variable regions of the hexon protein. Future vaccination campaigns using adenoviral vectored vaccines will need to account for the pre\u2010existing exposure of recipients to both circulating HAdVs and vaccines such as ChAdOx1, which convey polyfunctional antiviral T cell responses to even low seroprevalence HAdV types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:40:20Z","timestamp":1739234420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Adenovirus\u2010Specific T Cells in Adults Are Frequent, Cross\u2010Reactive to Common Childhood Adenovirus Infections and Boosted by Adenovirus\u2010Vectored Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Rookmini","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold W.","family":"Lambisia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute\u2010Wellcome Trust Research Programme Kilifi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer P.","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Ravenhill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, School of Clinical Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles N.","family":"Agoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute\u2010Wellcome Trust Research Programme Kilifi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin A.","family":"Krishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1833-5285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte J.","family":"Houldcroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/JGV.0.001721\/CITE\/REFWORKS"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Adenoviruses Fields Virology: DNA Viruses","author":"Lion T.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003988"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-35761-6.00010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0005635"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/INFDIS\/JIS342"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.6.2666-2673.2004\/ASSET\/528FB298-75B2-40DF-B834-BC0A175C030D\/ASSETS\/GRAPHIC\/ZJV0060420770007.JPEG"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000838"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.VACCINE.2009.10.091"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/BLOOD-2004-02-0646"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/VIR.0.002493-0\/CITE\/REFWORKS"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/JIMMUNOL.1801003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EJI.200535786"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01689-07\/ASSET\/6C1DD73F-4834-4980-BF2F-6006F0541F11\/ASSETS\/GRAPHIC\/ZJV0010800830005.JPEG"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.VIROL.2006.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-73-6-1429\/CITE\/REFWORKS"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02023-06\/ASSET\/B5B11F6C-FB01-4CB6-9ACF-C1B16F6388AB\/ASSETS\/GRAPHIC\/ZJV0040787250008.JPEG"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04721"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"MHRA FOI Team. 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