{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T10:17:04Z","timestamp":1792318624652,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous studies indicated Clade I monkeypox virus infection to be associated with marked elevation of proinflammatory cytokines. This remains unexplored for Clade II\u2010associated disease, which has different clinical manifestations and prognosis. We used a 65\u2010plex cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor (CCG) panel to analyze serum samples of 100 male acute Clade IIb mpox patients and 26 healthy controls in Belgium. Cluster analyses revealed no strong or distinct CCG profiles distinguishing mpox patients from controls but suggested trends in certain cytokine modulation. Individual CCG analyses found elevated levels of cytokines (MIF, CD30, IL2R, IL18, APRIL, and TNFRII), chemokines (CCL4, CCL8, CCL22, CCL24, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12, and CXCL13), and growth factors (HGF and VEGFA) in patients, while CCL11 and CXCL5 were significantly suppressed. We detected no differences in key proinflammatory cytokines, IL\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, IL\u20108 or anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines, IL\u20104, IL\u201010, IL\u201013. In patients living with HIV, comparison with pre\u2010outbreak samples showed an increase in CXCL13 and a decrease in CXCL5, CCL2, CCL24, HGF, SCF, and TWEAK. The absence of discriminatory CCG profiles in Clade IIb mpox patients compared to healthy controls suggests there may be limited clinical applications of those markers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T12:19:30Z","timestamp":1744028370000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["No Distinct Cytokine, Chemokine, and Growth Factor Blood Profile Associated With Monkeypox Virus Clade IIb Infected Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2314-2258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene","family":"Bangwen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium"},{"name":"Virology, Antiviral Drug &amp; Vaccine Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven Leuven 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