{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:29:46Z","timestamp":1785817786521,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In August 2024, the World Health Organization declared mpox infection a Public Health Emergency of International Concern for second time since 2022 and recommended vaccinating all people at\u2010risk, such as people with HIV\u20101 (PWH) and prophylaxis pre\u2010exposition (PrEP) users. We recruited PWH and PrEP users who received one or two doses of subcutaneous Imvanex\u00ae or Jynneos\u00ae and compared specific T\u2010cell immunity with participants who passed mpox natural infection or were Nonexposed to mpox. CD4\u2009+\u2009T cells from people who had mpox showed the highest capacity to produce IL\u20102 (1.8\u2010fold,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0328), as well as IFN\u03b3 (2.5\u2010fold,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0247), and IL\u20104 (1.8\u2010fold,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0373) from na\u00efve CD4\u2009+\u2009T cells, in response to MHC\u2010II\u2010restricted mpox\u2010related peptides, compared to vaccinated participants. CD8\u2009+\u2009T cells from individuals who had mpox also showed the highest capacity to produce IFN (1.6\u2010fold,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0321) and TNF (2.1\u2010fold,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0084) against MHC\u2010I\u2010restricted peptides. Therefore, the most potent and robust T\u2010cell responses were developed after mpox infection, while they were barely detectable after vaccination. These results support the need to explore booster doses or improved vaccines to enhance cellular immunity in at\u2010risk populations. More studies are needed to evaluate the capacity of mpox vaccines to confer long\u2010term protection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T13:12:29Z","timestamp":1752844349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Low Specific T\u2010Cell Immunity Against Mpox Elicited in People With HIV\u20101 and PrEP Users After Subcutaneous Vaccination Compared to Natural Infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6962-1537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia de la","family":"Calle\u2010Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology and Viral Reservoir Unit, National Center of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos\u2010IdISSC Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Majadahonda Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiomar","family":"Casado\u2010Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology and Viral Reservoir Unit, National Center of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Armenteros\u2010Yeguas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Majadahonda Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro Sanitario Sandoval Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos\u2010IdISSC Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Lemus\u2010Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology and Viral Reservoir Unit, National Center of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia (UNED) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bego\u00f1a","family":"Baza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Sanitario Sandoval Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos\u2010IdISSC Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Alfredo","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Sanitario Sandoval Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos\u2010IdISSC Madrid 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