{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:53:35Z","timestamp":1792511615346,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The first waves of the COVID\u201019 pandemic were accompanied by an unprecedented decrease of influenza activity which persisted throughout the 2020\/21 and 2021\/22 winter seasons. Here, we report on the unusual influenza circulation patterns that followed in the year 2022, which was dominated throughout by A(H3N2) influenza viruses. After a delayed spring wave in 2022, A(H3N2) influenza viruses circulated at low levels throughout the summer and rose to a prominent, prematurely\u2010timed fall\/winter wave peaking in December, with highest positivity rates observed in 10\u201312\u2010years old children. This winter wave ended abruptly with the national school holidays, when positivity rates decreased sharply not only in children but also in other age groups. Genetic analysis of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) showed cocirculation of 10 A(H3N2) clades, of which three (2a.1b, 2a.3a.1, and 2b) became dominant in late 2022. All A(H3N2) viruses, including those assigned to the new clades, displayed high titers in HA inhibition tests with postinfection ferret antiserum raised against the A(H3N2) vaccine strains A\/Cambodia\/e0826360\/2020 and A\/Darwin\/9\/2021. All viruses were susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors and the polymerase inhibitor baloxavir marboxil, but carried the M2\u2010S31N substitution conferring adamantane resistance. Our findings shed light on disturbed seasonality of A(H3N2) circulation in the post\u2010COVID\u201019 era.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T11:50:33Z","timestamp":1754567433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Atypical Influenza A(H3N2) Activity Patterns in Germany, 2021\u20132023, and Characterization of Newly Emerged Virus Clades"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3171-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne","family":"Duwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0541-6155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Djin\u2010Ye","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Wedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7370-2033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"B\u00f6rnigen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute Project Group 5: Systems Medicine of Infectious Diseases Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9020-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"Ignatius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Labor 28 GmbH Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6587-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max von","family":"Kleist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute Project Group 5: Systems Medicine of Infectious Diseases Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Free University Berlin  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2541-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine","family":"Reiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6988-3735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Biere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7688-236X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3432-0438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"D\u00fcrrwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Koch\u2010Institute, Department 1: Infectious Diseases Unit 17: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"WHO. 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