{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:43:28Z","timestamp":1770338608218,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We investigated factors associated with HBV\u2010rebound in people with HIV (PWH) with chronic HBV (CHBV) under HBV\u2010active antiretroviral therapy (ART): emtricitabine (FTC)+tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) or 3TC\/FTC+ tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) regimen. The present study included PWH\/CHBV followed as outpatients from October 2008 to August 2023 at San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. The baseline evaluation was the date of first negative HBV\u2010DNA (&lt;\u200910 IU\/mL) after the first positive result before HBV active ART. Last evaluation (LE) was the first HBV\u2010rebound (\u2265\u200910 IU\/mL) or last HBV undetectable in persistently HBV\u2010DNA negative PWH. Odds ratio (and corresponding 95% confidence interval) of HBV\u2010rebound, adjusted for nadir CD4 cells, ALT levels, and ART active on both viruses was estimated by multivariable logistic regression. Of 153 PWH\/CHBV under ART active on both viruses, 25 (16.3%) had at least one HBV\u2010rebound. Multivariate analysis at LE, showed that PWH on 3TC\/FTC had a higher probability of HBV\u2010rebound [adjusted odds ratio, aOR=4.88 (95%confidence interval, CI\u2009=\u20091.28, 20.10),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02], while PWH on FTC\u2009+\u2009TAF had lower probability of HBV\u2010rebound [aOR\u2009=\u20090.05 (95%CI\u2009=\u20090.002, 0.27),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.005], both compared to those on 3TC\/FCT\u2009+\u2009TDF. Hepatitis B\u2010rebound was associated with higher ALT levels [aOR=1.03 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.01, 1.05) per 1\u2010U\/L higher,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001]. FTC\u2009+\u2009TAF based ART seemed to be related to a better control of HBV\u2010DNA than 3TC\/FTC\u2009+\u2009TDF and 3TC\/FTC alone. Hepatitis B\u2010rebound may exert an effect on liver inflammation, as suggested by the increase of transaminases levels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T11:40:57Z","timestamp":1756208457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hepatitis B Viral Rebound in People With HIV Under HBV\u2010Active Antiretroviral Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Costanza","family":"Bertoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Vita\u2010Salute University San Raffaele Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Diotallevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Lolatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Girolamo","family":"Piromalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Hasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Siribelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Vita\u2010Salute University San Raffaele Milan 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