{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T10:13:53Z","timestamp":1763201633432,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Systemic chronic active Epstein\u2010Barr virus disease (sCAEBVD) can primarily involve skeletal muscle to form CAEBV\u2010myopathy (CAEBV\u2010M), which may resemble idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). This study reports an 11\u2010patient, 10\u2010year cohort of CAEBV\u2010M to summarize clinicoseropathologic features. CAEBV\u2010M typically affects young adults (median: 29 years), with universal limb swelling, frequent disseminated muscle involvement (73%), and systemic symptoms like fever (82%), splenomegaly (82%), and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (55%). Heliotrope\u2010like rash and myositis\u2010specific antibodies each occurred in 18%. Histology showed endomysial (82%) and perimysial (91%) lymphoid infiltration in an angiocentric pattern (82%), with NK\u2010cell component in 64%. EBER\u2010ISH\u2010positive cells varied in muscle samples but were more abundant in skin lesions. Median survival was 6.6 months. Compared to IIMs, CAEBV\u2010M affects younger patients, has more systemic symptoms, positive plasma EBV\u2010DNA, angiocentric histology, and EBER\u2010ISH positivity. These features provide practical diagnostic clues. Clinicians should consider testing for EBV\u2010DNA and EBER\u2010ISH in patients with atypical myositis presentations to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate immunosuppressive therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T08:43:41Z","timestamp":1756975421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic Active Epstein\u2010Barr Virus Myopathy Mimicking Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Diagnostic Pitfall, Differentiating Features, and Clinical Impact Revealed in the 10\u2010year Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8903-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zihang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 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