{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:33:20Z","timestamp":1792510400025,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Kaposi\u2032s sarcoma (KS) is a common cancer among people living with HIV and is caused by infection with Kaposi\u2032s sarcoma\u2010associated herpesvirus (KSHV). While previous studies have linked the oral microbiome to KSHV infection and KS development, its role in KS progression remains poorly defined. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V1\u2010V2 and V3\u2010V4 hypervariable regions to characterize the microbiome in 20 patients with AIDS\u2010associated KS, including 10 with nonprogressive disease and 10 with progressive disease. Samples were obtained from three anatomical sites: oral cavity, peripheral blood, and tumor biopsies. The highest number of microbes were identified in the oral cavity at species, genus, and family levels. Beta diversity analysis revealed significant compositional differences in the oral microbiome between progressive and nonprogressive KS (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    value\u2009=\u20090.044). Differential abundance analysis identified 16 species in the oral cavity associated with disease progression, compared to only three species in tumors and one in blood (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    value\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Notably,\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella pallens<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Megasphaera micronuciformis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , both known producers of short\u2010chain fatty acids, were significantly enriched in the oral microbiome of patients with progressive KS (log\u2010fold changes = 2.8 and 2.4, respectively). Functional pathway inference revealed 39 differentially abundant microbial pathways in the oral cavity, including pathways related to denitrification, ubiquinone biosynthesis, and arginine metabolism (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    values\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Our findings provide the first evidence that specific oral microbiome alterations are associated with KS progression. The enrichment of short\u2010chain fatty acid\u2010producing bacteria and changes in microbial metabolic pathways may promote inflammation and KSHV lytic replication, offering potential mechanistic insights into KS pathogenesis and highlighting novel microbiome\u2010based prognostic markers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T13:53:27Z","timestamp":1760795607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Oral Microbiome and Inferred Functions Predict Kaposi's Sarcoma Progression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Officer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6771-0881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Spellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paige M.","family":"Bracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of California at San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6194-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shou\u2010Jiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7997879"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2012-0101-RS"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","article-title":"Mechanisms of Kaposi\u2032s Sarcoma\u2010Associated Herpesvirus Latency and Reactivation","volume":"2","author":"Ye F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Advances in 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