{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:45:47Z","timestamp":1791945947546,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Despite studies documenting the evolution and factors related to COVID\u201019 vaccination in Canadian children, gaps in research on COVID\u201019 vaccine mistrust (VM) across ethnocultural groups hinder tailored public health responses. This study examines the sociodemographic characteristics and factors related to COVID\u201019 VM among racially diverse Canadian parents with children aged 0\u201312 years from Arab, Asian, Black, Indigenous, and White communities. A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 2528 parents of children aged 0\u201312 years across Canada. They completed measures assessing COVID\u201019 VM, conspiracy beliefs, health literacy, everyday racial discrimination and sociodemographic data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses explored factors associated with VM, with subgroup analyses for racialized and Indigenous groups. Significant mean differences in VM were observed across racial groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Post hoc analyses showed that Black individuals scored higher on COVID VM (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912.4; 95% CI: 11.9\u201312.9) compared to White individuals (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911.1; 95% CI: 10.8\u201311.3;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Indigenous participants scored higher on COVID VM (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200914.4; 95% CI: 13.7\u201315.1) compared to White (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), Black (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), Arab (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912.9; 95% CI: 12.4\u201313.5;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.017), and Asian participants (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911.8; 95% CI: 11.3\u201312.3;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Regression analyses revealed that conspiracy beliefs were strongly associated with VM in both White (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.61,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00b2\u2009=\u200942.1%) and racialized individuals (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.51,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00b2\u2009=\u200934.0%). Everyday racial discrimination significantly predicted VM among racialized groups (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.10,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001) but not White participants (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.02,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.313). Significant racial, gender, and age\u2010based disparities in COVID\u201019 VM among Canadian parents underscore the urgent need for targeted, community\u2010driven, and antiracist public health strategies to enhance vaccine confidence, addressing unique barriers faced by racialized and Indigenous communities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T13:46:27Z","timestamp":1761831987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["COVID\u201019 Vaccine Mistrust, Racial Discrimination, and Conspiracy Beliefs Among Parents in Canada: Implications for Public Health"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3937-9348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rose Darly","family":"Dalexis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2144-9515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Mohammad Mahdi","family":"Moshirian Farahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1467-2169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idrissa","family":"Beogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0677-3189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mwali","family":"Muray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-6904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jude Mary","family":"C\u00e9nat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa Research Chair on Black Health Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) \u2010 An Advisory Committee Statement (ACS) \u2010 Recommendations on the Use of Moderna Spikevax COVID\u201019 Vaccine in Children 6 Months to 5 Years of Age.2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) \u2010 An Advisory Committee Statement (ACS) \u2010 Recommendations on the Use of a First Booster Dose of Pfizer\u2010BioNTech Comirnaty COVID\u201019 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age.2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2024.126489"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.10.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxad062"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v49i04a05"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.12.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.VACCINE.2021.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2023.102435"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2025.127049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.21625"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2021.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/48466"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0308876"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","unstructured":"S.GuptaandN.Aitken COVID\u201019 Mortality Among Racialized Populations in Canada and Its Association With Income StatCan COVID\u201019: Data to Insights for a Better Canada. 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