{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:45:49Z","timestamp":1791945949493,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In May 2022, a large outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) occurred in several non\u2010endemic regions worldwide. Another outbreak in 2024 raised global concerns, particularly for immunocompromised individuals like people with HIV (PWH). Since the latent HIV\u20101 reservoir remains a major barrier to a cure, we investigated how past mpox infection affected reservoir dynamics in this population. PWH who had mpox at an average of 9 months before sampling showed a significantly smaller HIV\u20101 reservoir than MPXV\u2010unexposed PWH. This reduction was accompanied by enhanced antigen\u2010driven proviral reactivation in CD4+\u2009T cells, especially central memory cells (TCM), and increased expression of T\u2010cell activation and proliferation markers like CD32 and Ki67. Mpox also induced sustained immune stress, as reflected by a prolonged decrease in CD4+\u2009T na\u00efve (TN) cells, increased expression of immune senescence and exhaustion markers like PD\u20101, LAG\u20103, and CD57, as well as metabolic dysfunction in CD4+\u2009TN and TCM cells, which showed impaired glucose uptake and reduced proliferative capacity. These findings suggest that MPXV\u2010induced immune activation leads to long\u2010lasting changes in T\u2010cell homeostasis and reprograms the HIV\u20101 reservoir, which may have implications for monitoring immune competence and vaccine responses in this population. Understanding the interplay between HIV\u20101\/MPXV co\u2010infection, T\u2010cell dynamics, and HIV\u20101 reservoir modulation provides novel insights into how controlled proviral reactivation may inform the design of cure\u2010oriented strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T12:01:22Z","timestamp":1762603282000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Changes in HIV\u20101 Reservoir Dynamics After Mpox Infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Guiomar","family":"Casado\u2010Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology and Viral Reservoir Unit, National Center of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Service Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos\u2010IdISSC Madrid 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