{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T08:03:36Z","timestamp":1771315416473,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diagnosis of Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) infection is primarily based on the detection of specific antibodies against EBV antigens associated with different stages of infection. This study compared enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot (IB) with the reference method, immunofluorescence assay (IFA), to evaluate their performance in defining EBV infection stages and atypical antibody profiles. Sera from symptomatic and asymptomatic pediatric patients were analyzed for EBV VCA (viral capsid antigen) IgM\/IgG, EA (early antigen), and EBNA (Epstein\u2013Barr nuclear antigen) IgG to determine EBV infection stages. Avidity ELISA for VCA IgG was performed to assess its utility for disease staging and in clarifying atypical antibody profiles. EBV DNA analysis was performed to investigate its complementary role alongside EBV serology. Almost perfect agreement was observed between ELISA and IFA (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.81) and between IB and IFA (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.82) for EBV staging, which further increased with the addition of VCA IgG avidity ELISA (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.97). During early primary EBV infection, PCR showed a sensitivity of 60% and may support diagnosis when combined with serological staging. In conclusion, the high concordance between IFA and ELISA including avidity suggests its suitability for routine diagnostics, particularly when IFA is impractical due to its technical complexity and cost.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:34:20Z","timestamp":1764074060000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficiency of Different Serological Methods for Diagnosing Epstein\u2212Barr Virus Infection and Atypical Serological Profiles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3522-3293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Firdevs","family":"G\u00fcven\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0218-4881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alparslan","family":"Toyran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8820-032X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sibel","family":"Aydo\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4492-9163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayten \u00d6z","family":"Kamilo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EUROIMMUN Turkey Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7159-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelin","family":"Grage\u2212Griebenow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology affiliated with EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG Luebeck Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5691-2461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asl\u0131nur \u00d6zkaya","family":"Parlakay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric infection, Department of Child Health and Diseases Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8318-2556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bedia","family":"Din\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"CDC. About Epstein\u2010Barr Virus (EBV). Epstein\u2010Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis. Published May 9 2024 accessed April 8 2025 https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/epstein-barr\/about\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9030226"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.10.1.78-82.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj8222"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.EnfreinandM.HamidouEpstein\u2010Barr Virus and Systemic lupus: Which connections? 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